A novel miniaturized frequency selective surface

A novel single layer miniaturized frequency selective surface made of circular unit cell elements is presented in this article. The frequency selective surface (FSS) unit cell measures 0.055λ₀ × 0.055λ₀, where λ₀ corresponds to its free space wavelength. The proposed FSS offers band stop characteristics with bandwidth of 137.5 MHz centered at 1.39 GHz. The symmetrical structure of the unit cell elements provides polarization independency. The miniaturized unit cell elements help achieving angular independency for both TE and TM mode of polarization. The miniaturized design provides excellent angular independency with negligible frequency shift for varying incident angles. A prototype of the FSS is fabricated and its simulation results are validated using measurements.     

一种图像校正的偏振光罗盘系统的研究

导航传感器在探险、应急、精确制导武器、船舶、航空器导航和定位系统中起着关键作用。针对偏振光罗盘在倾斜状态下误差较大的问题,提出了一种利用加速度计和陀螺仪对偏振光罗盘进行图像校正的方法,设计了一种基于陀螺仪校正的偏振光罗盘系统。首先利用加速度计和陀螺仪计算得到载体姿态角,对偏振光图像数据进行图像校正,采用Stokes矢量法解算大气偏振模式分布,进而提取导航特征点,最后对特征点进行拟合解算出航向角信息。并且进行了静态和动态测试实验,实验结果表明,该算法能够有效的对偏振光罗盘姿态变化引起的误差进行补偿,可以将偏振光罗盘的航向角测量误差控制在1.86°之内,平均误差为0.09°。     

Corrosion behaviour and mechanism of 6082 aluminium alloy in NaCl and Na2SO4 etchants

The corrosion behaviour of 6082 aluminium alloy was studied by measuring the electrochemical impedance spectra and electrode polarization curves. After the electrochemical tests, a microstructural analysis of the samples was conducted by using optical microscopy and electron scanning microscopy techniques to determine the corrosion mechanism. The results show that the Nyquist plot of the electrochemical impedance data in the NaCl solution consists of high- and low-frequency capacitive impedance loops. When ions are added to the NaCl etchant, the Nyquist plots of the electrochemical impedance data are composed of two different curves: a high-frequency capacitive impedance loop and a low-frequency inductive impedance loop. The corrosion current density increases with increasing concentration, and as a result, the corrosion resistance of the aluminium alloy decreases. The microstructures of 6082 aluminium alloy consist of Mg₂Si secondary particles in a large α-Al matrix. Pitting corrosion initially occurs at the boundary between the matrix and secondary particles because the electrode potentials of the matrix and secondary particles are different. Then, corrosion paths develop along the network-like grain boundaries, and finally, massive network-like corrosion occurs throughout the entire alloy.     

阴极保护技术在水工金属结构埋件上的应用

制作了水工金属结构埋件模型,研究不同种类牺牲阳极和外加电流方法对埋件的保护作用,以寻找切实可行的水工金属结构埋件长效保护方案。结果表明:采用牺牲阳极法进行阴极保护,当溶液电导率为2000μS/cm时,镁合金对水工金属结构埋件的保护距离可达到100cm,具有较好的保护效果;铝合金和锌合金由于表面钝化作用,对水工金属结构埋件起不到保护作用。恒电位极化方法可在不同电导率情况下对埋件起到较好的保护效果。     

海面油膜的偏振反射特性仿真实验

为了给海面溢油污染识别检测提供理论基础,根据菲涅尔反射公式的偏振反射系数,结合偏振双向反射率因子和粗糙海面的概率密度分布函数,建立了完善的pBRDF模型,仿真在不同太阳入射角度、不同探测器观测角度以及不同海面风速风向等条件下海水和油膜的偏振反射分布函数。结果表明:海水和油膜太阳天顶角为53°和56°时P偏振反射率分别为1.0×10^-5和2.5×10^-5,S偏振反射率随着太阳天顶角的增加而增加;海面风速越大偏振反射率峰值越小;海面风向只改变pBRDF的空间位置;海水和油膜线偏振度空间分布有明显差异。搭建实验平台相机以40°拍摄时,得出海水和油膜的线偏振度分别在0.2~0.4, 0.5~0.7之间,同时表明利用偏振探测获取目标场景的偏振度和偏振角图可提高图像质量。     

Perovskite SrFe1-xTixO3-δ (x < = 0.1) cathode for low temperature solid oxide fuel cell

Stable and compatible cathode materials are a key factor for realizing the low-temperature (LT, ≤600?°C) operation and practical implementations of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). In this study, perovskite oxides SrFe_1-xTi_xO_3-δ (x?< = 0.1), with various ratios of Ti doping, are prepared by a sol-gel method for cathode material for LT-SOFCs. The structure, morphology and thermo-gravimetric characteristics of the resultant SFT powders are investigated. It is found that the Ti is successfully doped into SrFeO_3-δ to form a single phase cubic perovskite structure and crystal structure of SFT shows better stability than SrFeO_3-δ. The dc electrical conductivity and electrochemical properties of SFT are measured and analysed by four-probe and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) measurements, respectively. The obtained SFT exhibits a very low polarization resistance (R_p), .01 Ωcm² at 600?C. The SFT powders using as cathode in fuel cell devices, exhibit maximum power density of 551?mW?cm^?2 with open circuit voltage (OCV) of 1.15?V at 600?C. The good performance of the SFT cathode indicates a high rate of oxygen diffusion through the material at cathode. By enabling operation at low temperatures, SFT cathodes may result in a practical implementation of SOFCs.     

A Minimalist Single-Layer Metasurface for Arbitrary and Full Control of Vector Vortex Beams

Vector vortex beams (VVBs) possess ubiquitous applications from particle trapping to quantum information. Recently, the bulky optical devices for generating VVBs have been miniaturized by using metasurfaces. Nevertheless, it is quite challenging for the metasurface-generated VVBs to possess arbitrary polarization and phase distributions. More critical is that the VVBs' annular intensity profiles demonstrated hitherto are dependent on topological charges and are hence not perfect, posing difficulties in spatially shared co-propagation of multiple vortex beams. Here, a single-layer metasurface to address all those aforementioned challenges in one go is proposed, which consists of two identical crystal-silicon nanoblocks with varying positions and rotation angles (i.e., four geometric parameters throughout). Those four geometric parameters are found to be adequate for independent and arbitrary control of the amplitude, phase, and polarization of light. Perfect VVBs with arbitrary polarization and phase distributions are successfully generated, and the constant intensity profiles independent of their topological charges and polarization orders are demonstrated. The proposed strategy casts a distinct perception that a minimalist design of just one single-layer metasurface can empower such robust and versatile control of VVBs. That provides promising opportunities for generating more complex vortex field for advanced applications in structural light, optical micromanipulation, and data communication.     

Study on the hydrogen storage properties of a TiZrNbTa high entropy alloy

High-entropy alloys (HEAs), as a new class of metallic materials, have received more and more attention due to its excellent mechanical properties. In this study, the hydrogen absorption properties, such as hydrogen absorption capacity, thermodynamics, kinetics and cyclic properties, as well as the hydride structure of a newly designed TiZrNbTa HEA were investigated. The results showed that multiple hydrides including ε-ZrH₂, ε-TiH₂ and β-(Nb,Ta)H were found in the TiZrNbTa HEA after hydrogenation. With the increase of temperature from 293 K to 493 K, the maximum hydrogen absorption capacity decreased from 1.67 wt% to 1.25 wt% and the plateau pressure related with β-(Nb,Ta)H hydrides increased from 1.6 kPa to 14.8 kPa. The formation enthalpy of β-(Nb,Ta)H hydride was determined to be −6.4 kJ/mol, which was less stable than that of NbH and TaH hydrides. The results also showed that the TiZrNbTa HEA exhibited a rapid hydrogen absorption kinetic even at the room temperature with a short incubation time, and the hydrogen absorption mechanism was determined to be the nucleation and growth mechanism. Moreover, the hydrogen absorption capacity at 293 K decreased slowly with the cycle numbers, and remained 86% capacity after 10 cycles. Cracking occurred after hydrogen absorption and became worse with cycles.     

2.25Cr-1Mo与2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V钢冷却转变对比分析

采用相变仪、光学显微镜及扫描电镜研究了2.25Cr-1Mo和2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V钢冷却转变过程,并分析了钒对其冷却转变的影响。结果表明,与2.25Cr-1Mo钢的CCT曲线相比,2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V钢铁素体转变区及贝氏体转变区均向右移,并且在现有试验条件下已无法观察到珠光体转变区;钒添加到2.25Cr-1Mo钢中,能够提高钢的淬透性,2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V钢在48 000 ℃/h冷速下能生成部分马氏体;钒能够细化钢板显微组织,与2.25Cr-1Mo钢相比,2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V钢在800 ℃/h冷速下组织更为细小。